Behzad Moeini Sam; Sara Mohammadiَ Avandi
Abstract
It is necessary to study the vocabulary of the Indo-European and Indo-Iranian periods because the structure of most Persian words goes back to the Indo-European and Indo-Iranian periods ...
Read More
It is necessary to study the vocabulary of the Indo-European and Indo-Iranian periods because the structure of most Persian words goes back to the Indo-European and Indo-Iranian periods and their meanings show the beliefs of the earliest people and their views on the function of their morphology. During the recent centuries, comparative linguistics and mythology have facilitated the reconstruction of the words common between the two tribes. The Persians were the first Indo-Iranian tribes who established a world empire; nevertheless, there is no reference to the meaning of the word Pārs, which has an ancient construction, in historical documents. Consequently, linguists have different opinions about its meaning, and their views are just based on the linguistic document. So, in addition to linguistic and historical issues, one should also look at linguistic, mythological, and cultural exchanges with Mesopotamian civilizations because, after migrating to the Iran plateau and replacing the Mesopotamian states, the Persians owed them in many respects, including the fact that the word Pārs together with the word Medes, has been mentioned in their documents for the first time. This research aims at studying the structure and meanings of Pārs based on linguistic documents and historical-mythological traditions. Therefore, this research seeks to look for the time of the formation of this word and its most probable meanings. Hence, the method is to study the linguistic structure and morphology of the primary form of the word Pārs based on Assyrian texts and Greek mythological traditions and then find the most probable meaning. Since each word must be interpreted according to its primary form, in the end, the meanings of corner, leopard, ax and sickle are considered for the primary form *parsu/va, based on linguistic and historical documents, and "sickle" has been assumed as the most probable meaning for Pārs.
