Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

• Ali Alizadeh ¹
• Hamed Akbarpour ²
• Faranak Jamaleddin ²
• Mohammad Reza Dehghanzadeh ²

¹ Associate Professor Linguistics Department Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.

² Ph.D. Candidate of Linguistics Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.

Abstract

The aim of this study is to carefully examine the morpheme "GAH" in order to enumerate the concepts contained in and to discover the mechanism of conversion between these concepts from the perspective of Cognitive Semantics in the context of Talmy’s Semantic Conflict and Resolution hypothesis. To achieve this, we extracted all the entries of this morpheme from the Two Volume Persian Dictionary of Sadri Afshar et al. (2009). We examined each of them in an analytical-research way from a qualitative perspective presented in the introduced theoretical framework. After the autopsy of the nature of the open and closed classes and creating a correspondence between their concepts and types of uses of the morpheme "GAH" and proving that this morpheme does not follow a fixed pattern in belonging to the open or closed class, followed by dissection of the Semantic Conflict and Resolution hypothesis under the presentation of a series of Cognitive processes under the headings of shifts, blends, juxtaposition, juggling and blocking and their exact subsets, we put the body of research in the benchmark of these criteria to determine with which morphemes, via which processes and by which functions, the morpheme of “GAH” is combined, and the final output belongs to which Cognitive process and what conceptual domain it includes. The concept of "basicness" was recognized as TIME and the cognitive process through which this concept converts to "SPACE", as a new achievement in this research was established as “Replacement of whole the basicness concept of a spectrum (open/closed) class by a component of open-class side features.” Also, the cause of this gradation in the nature of "GAH" was identified through another Cognitive process called Reification. In addition, according to what we obtained in the data analysis, the outputs of "GAH"’s compounds were not out of 4 modes: location of the process, location of the effect of the process, location of an object/mass, and location of the effect/direction/extension of an object. A commixture of the modes also appeared.

Keywords

• GAH in Persian
• Cognitive Linguistics
• Cognitive Semantics
• Semantic Conflict and Resolution
• Space and Time

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