نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی‌ارشد زبان‌شناسی همگانی دانشکده ادبیات و علوم انسانی دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

2 دانشیار گروه زبان‌شناسی دانشکده ادبیات و علوم انسانی دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

چکیده

این مقاله به بررسی حرکات استعاری دستان در حین به کار بردن قیدهای مختلف زمان توسط فارسیزبانان، بهمنظور ارائه طرحی برای مفهوم زمان، میپردازد. پس از تصویربرداری از 22 آزمودنی، در حین پاسخگویی به سؤالات مبهم پرسشنامهای شامل 10 سؤال که آزمودنی را ملزم به کار بردن قیدهای مختلف زمان مینمود، و تحلیل دادههای تصویری حاصل، پیکرهای شامل 299 حرکت بهدست آمد. دادههای این پیکره 8 نوع حرکت متفاوت را جهت اشاره به قیدهای زمانی مختلف نشان میدهد که براساس بسامد وقوع تعیین شدهاند. این حرکات تنها شامل حرکات دستان میباشد؛ چرا که حرکات دیگر اعضای بدن، مانند سر و تنه، به دلیل بسامد بسیار پایین از پیکره حذف شدند. این نوع حرکات را میتوان در سه دسته گذشته، حال و آینده جای داد. در پایان پژوهش، براساس این حرکات، طرحی برای مفهوم زمان در ذهن سخنگویان فارسی پیشنهاد شده است. این طرح نشان میدهد که زمان برای فارسیزبانان افقی، از عقب به جلو، و از راست به چپ میباشد.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Model for the Concept of Time in Persian Speakers’ Minds: Based on Metaphoric Gestures

نویسندگان [English]

  • Fahimeh Nasib Zarraby 1
  • Mohammadreza Pahlavannezhad 2

1 Model for the Concept of Time in Persian Speakers’ Minds: Based on Metaphoric Gestures

2 Associate Professor of Linguistics, Faculty of Letters and Humanities, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad

چکیده [English]

This paper presents a study examining how Persian speakers use metaphoric gestures to represent different adverbs of time, and what these gestures reveal about the concept of time in their minds. A questionnaire containing 10 ambiguous questions, which made the participant use different adverbs of time, was given to 22 participants. They were filmed while trying to answer the questions. The corpus resulting from the analyses contained 299 gestures, all of which were made by hands. Since the frequency of gestures made by other body parts, like head or body, was very low, they were omitted from the corpus. The analyses also showed that 8 main gestures were used to demonstrate different adverbs of time. They can be categorized into 3 groups: those referring to the past, to the present, and to the future. Further analyses revealed that Persian speakers have a horizontal mentality of time, from back to front, and right to left. Finally, a schema is suggested for the concept of time in their minds.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • conceptual metaphor theory
  • non-verbal communication
  • gestures
  • metaphoric gestures
  • concept of time
  • adverbs of time
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