نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار زبان‌شناسی دانشگاه فرهنگیان، گروه زبان و ادبیات، تهران، ایران.

2 دانشیار دانشگاه علامه طباطبایی، گروه زبان‌شناسی، تهران، ایران.

چکیده

پژوهش حاضر چگونگی پردازش واژه‌های مرکب غیرفعلی هسته آغازین و هسته پایانی اسم- اسم و تأثیر نقش هستۀ نحوی و جایگاه سازه در پردازش آنها را در زبان فارسی از طریق تکالیف نامیدن در مواجهه و تکرار شنیداری در بیماران زبان‌پریش بروکا بررسی می‌کند. سه بیمار زبان‌پریش بروکا (دو مرد و یک زن) در تکلیف نامیدن، به هنگام مواجهه با تصویر آنها را نام می‌بردند و در تکلیف تکرار، بعد از شنیدن اسم‌های ساده و مرکب، آنها را تکرار می‌کردند. محرک‌های این دو تکلیف شامل 40 اسم (20 اسم ساده و 20 اسم مرکب) و تصاویر مربوط به آنها بود که با استفاده از خطوط سیاه و سفید ترسیم شده بودند. آزمون ناپارامتری ایچ کروسکال- والیس نشان داد که به لحاظ آماری تفاوت معناداری میان رتبه‌های خطاهای بیماران در نامیدن و تکرار اسامی مرکب وجود نداشت، حال آنکه میان الگوی خطاهای سازه‌های آغازین، پایانی و هر دو سازه با هم در تکلیف نامیدن و نیز میان الگوی خطاهای سازه‌ها در تکلیف تکرار تفاوت معناداری وجود داشت. آزمون یومان- ویتنی نشان داد که به لحاظ آماری تفاوت معناداری میان خطاهای نامیدن اسامی مرکب هسته‌آغازین و هسته‌پایانی و خطاهای تکرار اسامی مرکب هسته‌آغازین و هسته‌پایانی وجود نداشت. تفاوت معنا‌دار میانگین رتبه‌های بیماران زبان‌پریش بروکا در نامیدن اسامی ساده و مرکب و نیز تفاوت معنادار میانگین رتبه‌های آنها در تکرار اسامی ساده و مرکب نقش ساختار واژه در پردازش اسامی مرکب را نمایان ساخت. بررسی خطاهای اسامی مرکب هسته‌آغازین و هسته‌پایانی و نیز الگوی خطاهای آنها نشان داد که هستۀ نحوی نقشی در پردازش نامیدن و تکرار اسامی مرکب هسته‌آغازین و هسته‌پایانی نداشت، حال آنکه جایگاه سازه در پردازش آنها نقش داشت. علاوه ‌بر ‌این، پردازش نامیدن و تکرار اسامی مرکب غیرفعلی هسته‌آغازین متمایز از هسته‌پایانی بود. همچنین، تحلیل خطاها و الگوی آنها نشان داد که پردازش فرایندهای نامیدن و تکرار اسامی مرکب غیرفعلی هسته‌آغازین و هسته‌پایانی از طریق مسیر دوگانه صورت می‌گرفت.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Role of Syntactic Head and Constituent Position in Processing Root Compound Nouns: Evidence from People with Broca Aphasia

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mousa Ghonchepour 1
  • Shahla Raghibdoust 2

1 Assistant Professor of Farhangiyan University, Department of Language and Literature, Tehran, Iran.

2 Associate Professor of Allame Tabataba'i University, Department of Linguistics, Tehran, Iran.

چکیده [English]

This study investigates the way head initial and head final root compound nouns comprising of noun-noun constituents are processed. It also investigates the role of their syntactic head and constituent position in processing through confrontation naming and auditory repetition tasks in people with Broca aphasia. Three people with Broca aphasia (two men and one woman) named the pictures in the naming task while confronting with them and they repeated the simple and compound nouns after hearing them in the repetition task. The stimuli include 40 nouns (20 simple and 20 compounds) and their black and white related drawing pictures. Nonparametric Kruskal Wallis H. Test showed that statistically there was no significant difference between the ranks of patients' errors in naming and repeating compound nouns, while there was a significant difference between the error patterns of initial, final and both constituents (the whole compound) in naming task and also between the error patterns of the constituents in repetition. Mann-Whitney U test showed that there was no significant difference between the naming errors of head initial and head final compound nouns as well as their repetition errors. The significant difference between the mean rank of naming simple and compound nouns as well as the repetition of simple and compound nouns showed the role of word structure in processing. The errors of head initial and head final root compound nouns and their patterns showed that syntactic head plays no role in naming and repetition processing of head initial and head final root compound nouns while the constituent position has a role in their naming and repetition. Moreover, the processing of head initial root compound nouns is different from head final ones. Naming and repetition processes of head initial and head final root compound nouns in Persian are also processed through the dual routes.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Broca aphasia
  • compound nouns
  • constituent position
  • processing
  • syntactic head
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