نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

دکتری زبان شناسی،پژوهشکده دانشنامه نگاری، پژوهشگاه علوم انسانی و مطالعات فرهنگی، تهران، ایران.

چکیده

در دیدگاه‌های پیشین، نیمکرۀ چپ، نیمکرۀ غالب و پردازشگر اطلاعات مختلف زبانی قلمداد می‌شد؛ اما مطالعات اخیر نشان می‌دهند که نیمکرۀ راست نیز در پردازش­های مرتبط با زبان نقش دارد. آسیب نیمکرۀ راست می­ تواند بر مهارت­ های مرتبط با زبان تأثیرگذار باشد. هدف پژوهش حاضر بررسی اختلال گفتمانی در بزرگسالانی با آسیب مغزی نیمکرۀ راست از طریق پردازش بندهای موصولی بود. پژوهش حاضر توصیفی-تحلیلی و از نوع کمی است. جامعه آماری شامل 10 بزرگسال سالم و 10 بزرگسال فارسی‌زبان با آسیب نیمکرۀ راست بود که به صورت نمونه در دسترس هدفمند انتخاب شدند. آزمون­ های پژوهش شامل آزمون های غربالگری و آزمون-های سنجش سرعت پردازش ساخت ­های موصولی بود که از طریق نرم‌افزار DMDX انجام شد. تحلیل داده‌ها با روش ­های آماری تحلیل واریانس دوراهه، آماری تی دو گروه مستقل و تی جفت نمونه­ ای صورت گرفت. در ساخت­ های موصولی فاعلی، تفاوت سرعت پردازش مقوله­ ها، بندهای موصولی و جملات موصولی بین دو گروه آزمایش و کنترل معنی ­دار نبود (05/0P>)؛ اما در جملات موصولی مفعولی این تفاوت سرعت پردازش ­ها بین دو گروه آزمایش و کنترل معنی­دار بود (05/0P<). در ساخت­ های موصولی فاعلی و مفعولی پس از بافت مبتدایی، تفاوت سرعت پردازش مقوله ­ها، بندهای موصولی و جملات موصولی بین دو گروه آزمایش و کنترل معنی­ دار بود (05/0P<) در گروه آزمایش تفاوت سرعت پردازش بندهای موصولی و جملات موصولی فاعلی و مفعولی با و بدون بافت مبتدایی پیشین معنی­دار بود (05/0P<). یافته­ های پژوهش شواهدی از تأثیر منفی آسیب مغزی نیمکرۀ راست بر مهارت گفتمانی ارائه می­کند. همچنین، افراد آسیب‌دیده مغزی نیمکرۀ راست در پردازش ساخت­ های پیچیدۀ زبانی دارای عناصر ارجاعی مانند ساخت­ های موصولی نسبت به افراد سالم همتا دچار دشواری بیشتری هستند

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Discourse Disorder in Right Hemisphere Brain Damaged Patients: Evidence from Relative Clause Processing

نویسنده [English]

  • Mahla Arianpour

Ph.D. in linguistics. Institute for Humanities and Cultural Studies, Encyclopedia Compiling Research Center, Tehran. Iran.

چکیده [English]

Based on clinical observations, it has been determined that damage to the right hemisphere may cause some communication disorders. These non-aphasic communication disorders lead to impairments in the pragmatic, prosodic, lexical-semantic and discourse aspects of language that affect social participation. In right hemisphere damaged patients (RHD), discourse may be affected at both the perceptual and expressive levels. Right hemisphere damage can affect language-related skills. The present study aimed to investigate discourse disorder in adults with right hemisphere brain damage through the processing of relative clauses. The research is descriptive-analytical and quantitative. The statistical population included 10 healthy adults and 10 Persian-speaking adults with right hemisphere damage, who were selected in a convenience sampling way. The research tests included screening tests and tests for measuring the processing speed of relative constructions, which were done through DMDX software. Data analysis was done by the statistical methods such as variance analysis, independent t-test of two independent groups, and paired sample t-test. In subject relative constructions, the difference in processing speed of categories, relative clauses and relative sentences between the two experimental and control groups was not significant (P>0.05); However, in the object relative constructions, this difference in processing speed between the two experimental and control groups was significant (P<0.05). In subject and object constructions preceded by an initial context, the difference in processing speed of categories, clauses and sentences between the two experimental and control groups was significant (P<0.05). In the experimental group, the difference in processing speed of subject and object relative clauses and sentences with and without an initial context was significant (P<0.05). The research findings provide evidence for the negative effect of right hemisphere brain damage on discourse skills. Likewise, people with right hemisphere brain damage have more difficulty in processing complex language constructions referential items such as relative constructions compared to healthy peers.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • neurolinguistics
  • right hemisphere damage
  • discourse disorder
  • relative clauses
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